PISA analysis is used to estimate what parameter in MR assessment?

PISA analysis is used to estimate what parameter in MR assessment?

• A. Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area
• B. Proximal Isovelocity Surface Angle
• C. Distal Isovelocity Surface Area
• D. Proximal Isovelocity Surface Analysis

Answer: (A)

PISA analysis estimates the proximal isovelocity surface area—the area of the flow-convergence region surrounding the regurgitant orifice. By measuring the radius of the hemispherical flow surface at a known aliasing velocity, you calculate the flow rate across the mitral valve as Flow = 2πr^2 × aliasing velocity. This flow sets the basis to derive the effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) by dividing the flow by the MR jet velocity (and you can obtain the regurgitant volume from EROA × MR jet VTI). So, the parameter being estimated with PISA is the proximal isovelocity surface area, not any distal area or an angular measure.

PISA analysis estimates the proximal isovelocity surface area—the area of the flow-convergence region surrounding the regurgitant orifice. By measuring the radius of the hemispherical flow surface at a known aliasing velocity, you calculate the flow rate across the mitral valve as Flow = 2πr^2 × aliasing velocity. This flow sets the basis to derive the effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) by dividing the flow by the MR jet velocity (and you can obtain the regurgitant volume from EROA × MR jet VTI). So, the parameter being estimated with PISA is the proximal isovelocity surface area, not any distal area or an angular measure.